Carol Camlin, PhD

Associate Professor

I am a social demographer and behavioral scientist in the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, with a joint appointment in the Department of Medicine, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at UCSF. Collectively, my research program crosses the disciplines of population studies, sociology and behavioral sciences, and has focused on examining the impacts of population mobility on HIV prevention and care outcomes. I have conducted several studies examining, in particular, the overlooked contribution of women’s mobility to the sustained HIV epidemics in southern and eastern Africa. I am Principal Investigator of the study “Understanding mobility and risk in SEARCH communities”, which examines the impact of population mobility on HIV transmission dynamics and care cascade outcomes in 12 communities participating in the Sustainable East Africa Research in Community Health (SEARCH) trial. I also lead as co-PI the study "Self-Test Strategies and Linkage Incentives to Improve ART and PrEP Uptake in Men", which tests a combination intervention to improve the HIV prevention and care cascades in a population of highly mobile men in a high priority setting (fishermen in Kenya). I contribute expertise in applying mixed methods approaches and behavioral and social theory within HIV intervention and implementation studies as Investigator of several randomized controlled trials in health systems and communities in sub-Saharan Africa. I have used qualitative research methods to design mHealth interventions in Kenya and Uganda, and have conducted research on structural and cultural aspects of health services utilization and other behaviors among HIV-infected patients in the region.
Education
Postdoctoral Studies, 2010 - Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco
PhD, 2008 - Dept of HBHE, School of Public Health, University of Michigan
MPH, 1995 - Dept of HB, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
AB, 1987 - English, German, Oberlin College
Websites
Publications

  1. Leddy AM, Hahn JA, Getahun M, Emenyonu NI, Woolf-King SE, Sanyu N, Katusiime A, Fatch R, Chander G, Hutton HE, Muyindike WR, Camlin CS. Cultural Adaptation of an Intervention to Reduce Hazardous Alcohol Use Among People Living with HIV in Southwestern Uganda. 2021. PMID: 33590322


  2. Koss CA, Havlir DV, Ayieko J, Kwarisiima D, Kabami J, Chamie G, Atukunda M, Mwinike Y, Mwangwa F, Owaraganise A, Peng J, Olilo W, Snyman K, Awuonda B, Clark TD, Black D, Nugent J, Brown LB, Marquez C, Okochi H, Zhang K, Camlin CS, Jain V, Gandhi M, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA, Charlebois ED, Petersen ML, Kamya MR, Balzer LB. HIV incidence after pre-exposure prophylaxis initiation among women and men at elevated HIV risk: A population-based study in rural Kenya and Uganda. 2021. PMID: 33561143


  3. Nyabuti MN, Petersen ML, Bukusi EA, Kamya MR, Mwangwa F, Kabami J, Sang N, Charlebois ED, Balzer LB, Schwab JD, Camlin CS, Black D, Clark TD, Chamie G, Havlir DV, Ayieko J. Characteristics of HIV seroconverters in the setting of universal test and treat: Results from the SEARCH trial in rural Uganda and Kenya. 2021. PMID: 33544717


  4. Hickey MD, Ayieko J, Kwarisiima D, Opel FJ, Owaraganise A, Balzer LB, Chamie G, Jain V, Peng J, Camlin C, Charlebois ED, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA, Kamya MR, Petersen ML, Havlir DV. Improved Viral Suppression with Streamlined Care in the SEARCH Study. 2020. PMID: 32991337


  5. Balzer LB, Havlir DV, Kamya MR, Chamie G, Charlebois ED, Clark TD, Koss CA, Kwarisiima D, Ayieko J, Sang N, Kabami J, Atukunda M, Jain V, Camlin CS, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA, van der Laan M, Petersen ML. Machine learning to identify persons at high-risk of HIV acquisition in rural Kenya and Uganda. 2019. PMID: 31697383


  6. Camlin CS, Charlebois ED, Getahun M, Akatukwasa C, Atwine F, Itiakorit H, Bakanoma R, Maeri I, Owino L, Onyango A, Chamie G, Clark TD, Cohen CR, Kwarisiima D, Kabami J, Sang N, Kamya MR, Bukusi EA, Petersen ML, V Havlir D. Pathways for reduction of HIV-related stigma: a model derived from longitudinal qualitative research in Kenya and Uganda. 2020. PMID: 33283986


  7. Marson K, Ndyabakira A, Kwarisiima D, Camlin CS, Kamya MR, Havlir D, Thirumurthy H, Chamie G. HIV retesting and risk behaviors among high-risk, HIV-uninfected adults in Uganda. 2020. PMID: 33172300


  8. Gitahi N, Camlin C, Mwania V, Ngure K, Auerswald C, Bukusi E. Psychosocial needs among older perinatally infected adolescents living with HIV and transitioning to adult care in Kenya. 2020. PMID: 32726306


  9. Camlin CS, Koss CA, Getahun M, Owino L, Itiakorit H, Akatukwasa C, Maeri I, Bakanoma R, Onyango A, Atwine F, Ayieko J, Kabami J, Mwangwa F, Atukunda M, Owaraganise A, Kwarisiima D, Sang N, Bukusi EA, Kamya MR, Petersen ML, Cohen CR, Charlebois ED, Havlir DV. Understanding Demand for PrEP and Early Experiences of PrEP Use Among Young Adults in Rural Kenya and Uganda: A Qualitative Study. 2020. PMID: 31955361


  10. Clouse K, Phillips TK, Camlin C, Noholoza S, Mogoba P, Naidoo J, Langford R, Weiss M, Seebregts CJ, Myer L. CareConekta: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of a mobile health intervention to improve engagement in postpartum HIV care in South Africa. 2020. PMID: 32164771


  11. Koss CA, Charlebois ED, Ayieko J, Kwarisiima D, Kabami J, Balzer LB, Atukunda M, Mwangwa F, Peng J, Mwinike Y, Owaraganise A, Chamie G, Jain V, Sang N, Olilo W, Brown LB, Marquez C, Zhang K, Ruel TD, Camlin CS, Rooney JF, Black D, Clark TD, Gandhi M, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA, Petersen ML, Kamya MR, Havlir DV. Uptake, engagement, and adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis offered after population HIV testing in rural Kenya and Uganda: 72-week interim analysis of observational data from the SEARCH study. 2020. PMID: 32087152


  12. Brown LB, Balzer LB, Kabami J, Kwarisiima D, Sang N, Ayieko J, Chen Y, Chamie G, Charlebois ED, Camlin CS, Cohen CR, Bukusi E, Kamya MR, Moody J, Havlir DV, Petersen ML. The Influence of Social Networks on Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Among HIV-Infected Antiretroviral Therapy-Naive Youth in Rural Kenya and Uganda. 2020. PMID: 31809357


  13. Ndyabakira A, Getahun M, Byamukama A, Emperador D, Kabageni S, Marson K, Kwarisiima D, Chamie G, Thirumurthy H, Havlir D, Kamya MR, Camlin CS. Leveraging incentives to increase HIV testing uptake among men: qualitative insights from rural Uganda. 2019. PMID: 31888589


  15. Havlir DV, Balzer LB, Charlebois ED, Clark TD, Kwarisiima D, Ayieko J, Kabami J, Sang N, Liegler T, Chamie G, Camlin CS, Jain V, Kadede K, Atukunda M, Ruel T, Shade SB, Ssemmondo E, Byonanebye DM, Mwangwa F, Owaraganise A, Olilo W, Black D, Snyman K, Burger R, Getahun M, Achando J, Awuonda B, Nakato H, Kironde J, Okiror S, Thirumurthy H, Koss C, Brown L, Marquez C, Schwab J, Lavoy G, Plenty A, Mugoma Wafula E, Omanya P, Chen YH, Rooney JF, Bacon M, van der Laan M, Cohen CR, Bukusi E, Kamya MR, Petersen M. HIV Testing and Treatment with the Use of a Community Health Approach in Rural Africa. 2019. PMID: 31314966


  16. Camlin CS, Akullian A, Neilands TB, Getahun M, Bershteyn A, Ssali S, Geng E, Gandhi M, Cohen CR, Maeri I, Eyul P, Petersen ML, Havlir DV, Kamya MR, Bukusi EA, Charlebois ED. Gendered dimensions of population mobility associated with HIV across three epidemics in rural Eastern Africa. 2019. PMID: 31152972


  17. Brown LB, Getahun M, Ayieko J, Kwarisiima D, Owaraganise A, Atukunda M, Olilo W, Clark T, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Kamya MR, Petersen ML, Charlebois ED, Havlir DV, Camlin CS. Factors predictive of successful retention in care among HIV-infected men in a universal test-and-treat setting in Uganda and Kenya: A mixed methods analysis. 2019. PMID: 30673744


  18. Koss CA, Ayieko J, Mwangwa F, Owaraganise A, Kwarisiima D, Balzer LB, Plenty A, Sang N, Kabami J, Ruel TD, Black D, Camlin CS, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA, Clark TD, Charlebois ED, Petersen ML, Kamya MR, Havlir DV. Early Adopters of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Preexposure Prophylaxis in a Population-based Combination Prevention Study in Rural Kenya and Uganda. 2018. PMID: 29741594


  20. Ayieko J, Brown L, Anthierens S, Van Rie A, Getahun M, Charlebois ED, Petersen ML, Clark TD, Kamya MR, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA, Havlir DV, Camlin CS. "Hurdles on the path to 90-90-90 and beyond": Qualitative analysis of barriers to engagement in HIV care among individuals in rural East Africa in the context of test-and-treat. 2018. PMID: 30161172


  21. Chamie G, Schaffer EM, Ndyabakira A, Emperador DM, Kwarisiima D, Camlin CS, Havlir DV, Kahn JG, Kamya MR, Thirumurthy H. Comparative effectiveness of novel nonmonetary incentives to promote HIV testing. 2018. PMID: 29683850


  22. Camlin CS, Cassels S, Seeley J. Bringing population mobility into focus to achieve HIV prevention goals. 2018. PMID: 30027588


  24. Camlin CS, Akullian A, Neilands TB, Getahun M, Eyul P, Maeri I, Ssali S, Geng E, Gandhi M, Cohen CR, Kamya MR, Odeny T, Bukusi EA, Charlebois ED. Population mobility associated with higher risk sexual behaviour in eastern African communities participating in a Universal Testing and Treatment trial. 2018. PMID: 30027668


  25. Leidich A, Achiro L, Kwena ZA, McFarland W, Neilands TB, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA, Camlin CS. Methods for sampling geographically mobile female traders in an East African market setting. 2018. PMID: 29324780


  26. Camlin CS, Charlebois ED, Geng E, Semitala F, Wallenta J, Getahun M, Kampiire L, Bukusi EA, Sang N, Kwarisiima D, Clark TD, Petersen ML, Kamya MR, Havlir DV. Redemption of the "spoiled identity:" the role of HIV-positive individuals in HIV care cascade interventions. 2017. PMID: 29210185


  27. Semitala FC, Camlin CS, Wallenta J, Kampiire L, Katuramu R, Amanyire G, Namusobya J, Chang W, Kahn JG, Charlebois ED, Havlir DV, Kamya MR, Geng EH. Understanding uptake of an intervention to accelerate antiretroviral therapy initiation in Uganda via qualitative inquiry. 2017. PMID: 29206357


  28. Akullian A, Bershteyn A, Jewell B, Camlin CS. The missing 27. 2017. PMID: 28926401


  29. Camlin CS, El Ayadi AM, Kwena ZA, McFarland W, Johnson MO, Neilands TB, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR. High Mobility and HIV Prevalence Among Female Market Traders in East Africa in 2014. 2017. PMID: 27875361


  30. Amanyire G, Semitala FC, Namusobya J, Katuramu R, Kampiire L, Wallenta J, Charlebois E, Camlin C, Kahn J, Chang W, Glidden D, Kamya M, Havlir D, Geng E. Effects of a multicomponent intervention to streamline initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Africa: a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial. 2016. PMID: 27658873


  31. Cassels S, Camlin CS. Geographical mobility and heterogeneity of the HIV epidemic. 2016. PMID: 27470023


  32. Camlin CS, Seeley J, Viljoen L, Vernooij E, Simwinga M, Reynolds L, Reis R, Plank R, Orne-Gliemann J, McGrath N, Larmarange J, Hoddinott G, Getahun M, Charlebois ED, Bond V. Strengthening universal HIV 'test-and-treat' approaches with social science research. 2016. PMID: 26959355


  33. Camlin CS, Neilands TB, Odeny TA, Lyamuya R, Nakiwogga-Muwanga A, Diero L, Bwana M, Braitstein P, Somi G, Kambugu A, Bukusi EA, Glidden DV, Wools-Kaloustian KK, Wenger M, Geng EH. Patient-reported factors associated with reengagement among HIV-infected patients disengaged from care in East Africa. 2016. PMID: 26765940


  34. Maeri I, El Ayadi A, Getahun M, Charlebois E, Akatukwasa C, Tumwebaze D, Itiakorit H, Owino L, Kwarisiima D, Ssemmondo E, Sang N, Kabami J, Clark TD, Petersen M, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA, Kamya M, Havlir D, Camlin CS. "How can I tell?" Consequences of HIV status disclosure among couples in eastern African communities in the context of an ongoing HIV "test-and-treat" trial. 2016. PMID: 27421052


  35. Thirumurthy H, Jakubowski A, Camlin C, Kabami J, Ssemmondo E, Elly A, Mwai D, Clark T, Cohen C, Bukusi E, Kamya M, Petersen M, Havlir D, Charlebois ED. Expectations about future health and longevity in Kenyan and Ugandan communities receiving a universal test-and-treat intervention in the SEARCH trial. 2016. PMID: 27421056


  37. Camlin CS, Ssemmondo E, Chamie G, El Ayadi AM, Kwarisiima D, Sang N, Kabami J, Charlebois E, Petersen M, Clark TD, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, R Kamya M, Havlir D. Men "missing" from population-based HIV testing: insights from qualitative research. 2016. PMID: 27421053


  38. Kathryn J. Fiorella, Carol S. Camlin, Charles R. Salmen, Ruth Omondi, Matthew D. Hickey, Dan O. Omollo, Erin M. Milner, Elizabeth A. Bukusi, Lia C.H. Fernald, Justin S. Brashares. Transactional Fish-for-Sex Relationships Amid Declining Fish Access in Kenya. 2015. PMID:


  39. Turan JM, Hatcher AM, Romito P, Mangone E, Durojaiye M, Odero M, Camlin CS.. Intimate partner violence and forced migration during pregnancy: Structural constraints to women's agency 2015. PMID:


  40. Kathryn Fiorella, Carol Camlin, Charles Salmen, Ruth Omondi, Matthew Hickey, Dan Omollo, Erin Milner, Justin Brashares. Natural Resources and Food Security: Fish-for-Sex Relationships Around Lake Victoria, Kenya. 2015. PMID:


  41. Syvertsen JL, Agot K, Ohaga S, Strathdee SA, Camlin CS, Omanga E, Odonde P, Rota G, Akoth K, Peng J, Wagner KD. Evidence of injection drug use in Kisumu, Kenya: Implications for HIV prevention. 2015. PMID: 25861945


  42. Fiorella K.J., Camlin, C.S, Salmen C.R., Omondi R., Hickey M.D., Omollo D.O., Bukusi E.A., Fernald L.H., Brashares J.S.. Transactional Fish-for-Sex Relationships Amid Declining Fish Access in Kenya 2015. PMID:


  45. Camlin CS, Snow RC, Hosegood V. Gendered Patterns of Migration in Rural South Africa. 2014. PMID: 25332690


  46. Kwena Z, Mwanzo I, Shisanya C, Camlin C, Turan J, Achiro L, Bukusi E. Predictors of extra-marital partnerships among women married to fishermen along Lake Victoria in Kisumu County, Kenya. 2014. PMID: 24747951


  47. Camlin CS, Kwena ZA, Dworkin SL, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA. "She mixes her business": HIV transmission and acquisition risks among female migrants in western Kenya. 2013. PMID: 24565152


  50. Fathalla MM, Youssif MM, Meyer C, Camlin C, Turan J, Morris J, Butrick E, Miller S. Nonatonic obstetric haemorrhage: effectiveness of the nonpneumatic antishock garment in egypt. 2011. PMID: 21845226


  51. O Ojengbede, H Galadanci, IO Morhason-Bello, D Nsima, C Camlin, JL Morris, E Butrick, C Meyer, Aminu I Mohammed, S Miller. The non-pneumatic anti-shock garment for postpartum haemorrhage in nigeria. 2011. PMID:


  52. Jessica Morris, Carinne Meyer, Suellen Miller, Mohamed MF Fathalla, Tarek K Al-Hussaini, Mohammed M Youssif, Carol Camlin. Treating uterine atony with the non-pneumatic anti-shock garment in Egypt. 2011. PMID:


  53. Turan J, Ojengbede O, Fathalla M, Mourad-Youssif M, Morhason-Bello IO, Nsima D, Morris J, Butrick E, Martin H, Camlin C, Miller S. Positive effects of the non-pneumatic anti-shock garment on delays in accessing care for postpartum and postabortion hemorrhage in Egypt and Nigeria. 2010. PMID: 21190486


  54. Ojengbede OA, Morhason-Bello IO, Galadanci H, Meyer C, Nsima D, Camlin C, Butrick E, Miller S. Assessing the role of the non-pneumatic anti-shock garment in reducing mortality from postpartum hemorrhage in Nigeria. 2010. PMID: 21160197


  55. Miller S, Fathalla MM, Ojengbede OA, Camlin C, Mourad-Youssif M, Morhason-Bello IO, Galadanci H, Nsima D, Butrick E, Al Hussaini T, Turan J, Meyer C, Martin H, Mohammed AI. Obstetric hemorrhage and shock management: using the low technology Non-pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment in Nigerian and Egyptian tertiary care facilities. 2010. PMID: 20955600


  56. Mourad-Youssif M, Ojengbede OA, Meyer CD, Fathalla M, Morhason-Bello IO, Galadanci H, Camlin C, Nsima D, Al Hussaini T, Butrick E, Miller S. Can the Non-pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment (NASG) reduce adverse maternal outcomes from postpartum hemorrhage? Evidence from Egypt and Nigeria. 2010. PMID: 20809942


  57. Camlin CS, Hosegood V, Newell ML, McGrath N, Bärnighausen T, Snow RC. Gender, migration and HIV in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. 2010. PMID: 20634965


  58. Miller S, Fathalla MM, Youssif MM, Turan J, Camlin C, Al-Hussaini TK, Butrick E, Meyer C. A comparative study of the non-pneumatic anti-shock garment for the treatment of obstetric hemorrhage in Egypt. 2010. PMID: 20096836


  59. S. Miller, M. Mourad-Youssif, M. Fathalla, T. Al-Hussaini, C. Meyer, C. Camlin, E. Butrick, S. Ismail. O614 Non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (NASG) reduces extreme adverse outcomes from obstetric hemorrhage and shock in Egyptian hospitals. 2009. PMID:


  60. M. Mourad-Youssif, M. Fathalla, T. Al-Hussaini, H. Martin, J. Turan, R. Mitchell, C. Camlin, S. Miller. O641 Treatment with non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (NASG) improves outcomes for women with PPH/uterine atony in Egyptian referral facilities. 2009. PMID:


  62. Diana Lara, Sandra G. García, Charlotte Ellertson, Carol Camlin, Javier Suárez. The Measure of Induced Abortion Levels in Mexico Using Random Response Technique. 2006. PMID:


  63. Camlin CS, Garenne M, Moultrie TA. Fertility trend and pattern in a rural area of South Africa in the context of HIV/AIDS. 2004. PMID: 15623117


  65. Bailey SL, Camlin CS, Ennett ST. Substance use and risky sexual behavior among homeless and runaway youth. 1998. PMID: 9870332