The questionnaires for unmarried Latino women and men were used in a random digit dial telephone survey of 1500 Latinos in ten states in the U.S. These states contain 90% of all Latinos living in the continental U.S. The survey was designed to assess risk for HIV due to sexual behaviors as well as the variables that might predict sexual behaviors such as condom use.
Scoring: N/A Reliability and/or validity: Please see a description of the instruments. Marín BV, Tschann J, Gómez C, Gregorich SE (1998). Self-efficacy to use condoms in unmarried Latino adults. American Journal of Community Psychology. 26(1), 53–71.
The successful two-drug combination therapy in 1994 and protease inhibitors in 1995 set the stage for a new era in treatment of HIV disease, creating a burst of optimism over the prospect that HIV might be a controllable disease. Initial studies of protease containing triple-drug regimens suggested that these combinations could, in some cases, slow clinical progression of the disease and prolong the lives of patients.
Although sharing used needles is a high risk for HIV transmission, substance abuse and HIV goes beyond the issue of needles. People who abuse alcohol, speed, crack cocaine, poppers or other non-injected drugs are more likely than non-substance users to be HIV positive and to become seropositive. People with a history of non-injection substance abuse are also more likely to engage in high-risk sexual activities. Many injection drug users (IDUs) use other non-injected drugs primarily.
A pesar del alto riesgo de transmisión del VIH al compartir jeringas, la relación que existe entre el VIH y el uso de drogas va mucho mas allá del tema de las jeringas. Las personas adictas al alcohol, al “speed” y a la cocaína-crack, los “poppers” o cualquier otra droga no inyectada, están más propensos que aquellos que no usan drogas a ser portadores del VIH y a convertirse en seropositivos.
How Do HIV, STD and Unintended Pregnancy Prevention Work Together?
Why is it important?
HIV is a sexually transmitted disease (STD). HIV, other STDs (such as gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, chlamydia and trichomoniasis), and unintended pregnancy are all adverse consequences of sexual behavior. If someone is at risk for unintended pregnancy or common STDs, that means they are engaging in an activity that could also put them at risk for HIV.
¿Como trabajan: la prevención de las ETS, del VIH y de los embarazos no planeados?
¿por qué es importante? El VIH es una enfermedad de transmisión sexual (ETS). El VIH, otras ETS (como la gonorrea, la sífilis, el herpes, la clamidia y la tricomoniasis), y los embarazos no planeados son consecuencias adversas del comportamiento sexual.
Should we teach only abstinence in sexuality education?
Why all the fuss?
Schools have become a battleground in the nation’s culture wars. In the fight over the hearts, minds-and libidos-of our nation’s teenagers, the latest skirmish involves sex education. The question is not whether education about sexuality belongs in the schools (there is well nigh universal accord on this score),1 but rather, how to approach the topic.
¿Debemos enseñar “solo-abstinencia” en la educación sexual?
¿por qué tanto alboroto?
Las escuelas se han convertido en el campo de batalla cultural de la nación. En la lucha por conquistar el corazón, mente — y líbidos — de nuestra juventud, la última contienda incluye la educación sexual. La pregunta no radica en que si la escuela es el lugar apropiado para enseñar educación sexual (en esto todos estamos de acuerdo),1 más bien es, como abordar el tema.
What Are HIV Prevention Needs of Adults Over 50?
Are older adults at risk?
Yes. Over 10% of all new AIDS cases in the US occur in people over the age of 50.1 In the last few years, new AIDS cases rose faster in middle age and older people than in people under 40.2 While many of these AIDS cases are the result of HIV infection at a younger age, many are due to becoming infected after age 50.
Politics rather than scientific evidence is driving the debate over abstinence-only vs. comprehensive sexuality education programs. It is an approach to making policy that may satisfy the needs of some adults, but does nothing to address the crucial needs of young people.
In health promotion, as in medical care, the informed practitioner usually chooses a proven effective strategy over one for which there is no indication of effectiveness. Anything else is malpractice.
Why is communication important?
Sexual activity begins early for many teens. Almost four of ten (37%) 9th graders have had intercourse, and nearly seven of ten (66%) have had intercourse by 12th grade.1 Every year three million teens, or almost a quarter (1 out of 4) of all sexually experienced teens, will contract a sexually transmitted disease (STD).
Because of threats to government funding, community based organizations that provide HIV prevention programs diversify their sources of income by seeking non-governmental funding, including funding from foundations.
This survey of foundations across the United States asked questions about the amount of money they spend on AIDS and HIV prevention, the types of prevention projects and populations their grants served, and the sources of AIDS information used by the foundation staff.
This monograph was produced as part of the Marketing HIV Prevention project, a collaborative project between the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies at the University of California, San Francisco (Thomas J. Coates, , Director) and the Harvard AIDS Institute (Richard Marlink, MD, Executive Director). We would like to thank SmithKline Beecham Consumer Health Care, makers of OraSure, for its unrestricted grant in support of the Marketing HIV Prevention project.
Adherence to Combination Therapy in AIDS Clinical Trials (1997)
Chesney, M., Ickovics J., for the Recruitment, Adherence and Retention Committee of the ACTG (1997).
Si sabemos lo que funciona al prevenir el VIH — ¿porqué no sacamos mayor provecho?
¿qué hemos aprendido?
Hace quince años, en Los Angeles, CA, se diagnosticaron los primeros 5 casos de SIDA entre hombres homosexuales. Desde entonces el SIDA se ha extendido a más de medio millón de personas en los EEUU y actualmente es la causa líder de muertes entre los Norteamericanos de 25 a 44 años de edad.
The CHANGES Project: A Clinical Trial of Coping Effectiveness Training for HIV+ Gay Men is an innovative, theory-based coping intervention. The intervention–Coping Effectiveness Training–is designed to assist HIV+ gay men stay mentally healthy despite ongoing stress of HIV infection.
